Francis Fedric, Slave Life in Virginia and Kentucky (London, 1863), 47-51.
Item
Title
Francis Fedric, Slave Life in Virginia and Kentucky (London, 1863), 47-51.
Includes music itself or text of song
yes
Identity of singers; solo/group
enslaved
group
Voice/instrument
male voices
voices
Space/room
plantation
activity
shucking corn
Timbre
"rang"
Ornamentation / improvisation
everyone seemed to know the song
genre
work songs, "corn songs"
Geographical location
Mason County, Kentucky
Notable adjectives
"rang out merrily", "all joyous"
Excerpt
In the autumn, about the 1st of November, the slaves commence gathering the Indiancorn, pulling it off the stalk, and throwing it into heaps. Then it is carted home, and thrown into heaps sixty or seventy yards long, seven or eight feet high, and about six or seven feet wide. Some of the masters make their slaves shuck the corn. All the slaves stand on one side of the heap, and throw the ears over, which
are then cribbed. This is the time when the whole country far and wide resounds with the cornsongs. When they commence shucking the corn, the master will say, "Ain't you going to sing any
to-night?" The slaves say, "Yers, Sir." One slave will begin:--
"Fare you well, Miss Lucy.
ALL. John come down de hollow."
The next song will be:--
"Fare you well, fare you well.
ALL. Weell ho. Weell ho.
CAPTAIN. Fare you well, young ladies all.
ALL. Weell. ho. Weell ho.
CAPTAIN. Fare you well, I'm going away.
ALL. Weell ho. Weell ho.
CAPTAIN. I'm going away to Canada.
ALL. Weell ho. Weell ho."
One night Mr. Taylor, a large planter, had a corn shucking, a Bee it is called. The corn pile was 180 yards long. He sent his slaves on horseback with letters to the other planters around to ask them to allow their slaves to come and help. On a Thursday night, about 8 o'clock, the slaves were heard coming, the corn-songs ringing through the plantations. "Oh, they are coming, they are coming!" exclaimed Mr. Taylor, who had been anxiously listening some time for the songs.
The slaves marched up in companies, headed by captains, who had in the crowns of their hats a short stick, with feathers tied to it, like a cockade. I myself was in one of the companies. Mr. Taylor shook hands with each captain as the companies arrived, and said the men were to have some brandy if they wished, a large jug of which was ready for them. Mr. Taylor ordered the corn-pile to be divided into two by a large pole laid across. Two men were chosen as captains; and the men, to the number of 300 or 400, were told off to each captain. One of the captains got Mr. Taylor on his side, who said he should not like his party to be beaten. "Don't throw the corn too far. Let some of it drop just over, and we'll shingle some, and get done first. I can make my slaves shuck what we shingle tomorrow," said Mr. Taylor, "for I hate to be beaten." The corn-songs now rang out merrily; all working willingly and gaily. Just before they had finished the heaps, Mr. Taylor went away into the house; then the slaves, on Mr. Taylor's side, by shingling, beat the other side; and his Captain, and all his men, rallied around the others, and took their hats in their hands, and cried out, "Oh, oh! fie! for shame!" It was two o'clock in the morning now, and they marched to Mr. Taylor's house; the Captain hollowing out, "Oh, where's Mr. Taylor? Oh, where's Mr. Taylor?" all the men answering, "Oh,
oh, oh!"
Mr. Taylor walked, with all his family, on the verandah; and the Captain sang,
"I've just come to let you know.
MEN. Oh, oh, oh!
CAPTAIN. The upper end has beat.
MEN. Oh, oh, oh!
CAPTAIN. But isn't they sorry fellows?
MEN. Oh, oh, oh!
CAPTAIN. But isn't they sorry fellows?
MEN. Oh, oh, oh!
CAPTAIN. But I'm going back again,
MEN. Oh, oh, oh!
CAPTAIN. But I'm going back again.
MEN. Oh, oh, oh!
CAPTAIN. And where's Mr. Taylor?
MEN. Oh, oh, oh!
CAPTAIN. And where's Mr. Taylor?
MEN. Oh, oh, oh!
CAPTAIN. And where's Mrs. Taylor?
MEN. Oh, oh, oh!
CAPTAIN. I'll bid you, fare you well,
MEN. Oh, oh, oh!
CAPTAIN. For I'm going back again.
MEN. Oh, oh, oh!
CAPTAIN. I'll bid you, fare you well,
And a long fare you well.
MEN. Oh, oh, oh!
They marched back, and finished the pile. All then went to enjoy a good supper, provided by Mr. Taylor; it being usual to kill an ox, on such an occasion; Mr., Mrs., and the Misses Taylor, waiting upon the slaves, at supper. What I have written cannot convey a tenth part of the spirit, humour, and mirth of the company; all joyous--singing, coming and going.
are then cribbed. This is the time when the whole country far and wide resounds with the cornsongs. When they commence shucking the corn, the master will say, "Ain't you going to sing any
to-night?" The slaves say, "Yers, Sir." One slave will begin:--
"Fare you well, Miss Lucy.
ALL. John come down de hollow."
The next song will be:--
"Fare you well, fare you well.
ALL. Weell ho. Weell ho.
CAPTAIN. Fare you well, young ladies all.
ALL. Weell. ho. Weell ho.
CAPTAIN. Fare you well, I'm going away.
ALL. Weell ho. Weell ho.
CAPTAIN. I'm going away to Canada.
ALL. Weell ho. Weell ho."
One night Mr. Taylor, a large planter, had a corn shucking, a Bee it is called. The corn pile was 180 yards long. He sent his slaves on horseback with letters to the other planters around to ask them to allow their slaves to come and help. On a Thursday night, about 8 o'clock, the slaves were heard coming, the corn-songs ringing through the plantations. "Oh, they are coming, they are coming!" exclaimed Mr. Taylor, who had been anxiously listening some time for the songs.
The slaves marched up in companies, headed by captains, who had in the crowns of their hats a short stick, with feathers tied to it, like a cockade. I myself was in one of the companies. Mr. Taylor shook hands with each captain as the companies arrived, and said the men were to have some brandy if they wished, a large jug of which was ready for them. Mr. Taylor ordered the corn-pile to be divided into two by a large pole laid across. Two men were chosen as captains; and the men, to the number of 300 or 400, were told off to each captain. One of the captains got Mr. Taylor on his side, who said he should not like his party to be beaten. "Don't throw the corn too far. Let some of it drop just over, and we'll shingle some, and get done first. I can make my slaves shuck what we shingle tomorrow," said Mr. Taylor, "for I hate to be beaten." The corn-songs now rang out merrily; all working willingly and gaily. Just before they had finished the heaps, Mr. Taylor went away into the house; then the slaves, on Mr. Taylor's side, by shingling, beat the other side; and his Captain, and all his men, rallied around the others, and took their hats in their hands, and cried out, "Oh, oh! fie! for shame!" It was two o'clock in the morning now, and they marched to Mr. Taylor's house; the Captain hollowing out, "Oh, where's Mr. Taylor? Oh, where's Mr. Taylor?" all the men answering, "Oh,
oh, oh!"
Mr. Taylor walked, with all his family, on the verandah; and the Captain sang,
"I've just come to let you know.
MEN. Oh, oh, oh!
CAPTAIN. The upper end has beat.
MEN. Oh, oh, oh!
CAPTAIN. But isn't they sorry fellows?
MEN. Oh, oh, oh!
CAPTAIN. But isn't they sorry fellows?
MEN. Oh, oh, oh!
CAPTAIN. But I'm going back again,
MEN. Oh, oh, oh!
CAPTAIN. But I'm going back again.
MEN. Oh, oh, oh!
CAPTAIN. And where's Mr. Taylor?
MEN. Oh, oh, oh!
CAPTAIN. And where's Mr. Taylor?
MEN. Oh, oh, oh!
CAPTAIN. And where's Mrs. Taylor?
MEN. Oh, oh, oh!
CAPTAIN. I'll bid you, fare you well,
MEN. Oh, oh, oh!
CAPTAIN. For I'm going back again.
MEN. Oh, oh, oh!
CAPTAIN. I'll bid you, fare you well,
And a long fare you well.
MEN. Oh, oh, oh!
They marched back, and finished the pile. All then went to enjoy a good supper, provided by Mr. Taylor; it being usual to kill an ox, on such an occasion; Mr., Mrs., and the Misses Taylor, waiting upon the slaves, at supper. What I have written cannot convey a tenth part of the spirit, humour, and mirth of the company; all joyous--singing, coming and going.
Context
In this section of chapter IV, Fredric describes the time of year during the fall when the enslaved shuck corn in the fields. In this passage, the master tells the enslaved to sing for him and they sing a corn shucking song. Frederic wrote that the songs "rang out merrily".